作者：admin 发布时间：2023-02-01 05:50:19 分类：科技 浏览：209 评论：0
夜视技术是借助于光电成象器件实现夜间观察的一种光电技术。夜视技术包括微光夜视和红外夜视两方面。微光夜视技术又称像增强技术，是通过带像增强管的夜视镜，对夜天光照亮的微弱目标像进行增强，以供观察的光电成像技术。微光夜视仪，是目前国外生产量和装备量最大和用途最广的夜视器材，可分为直接观察（如夜视观察仪、武器瞄准具、夜间驾驶仪、夜视眼镜）和间接观察（如微光电视）两种。红外夜视技术分为主动红外夜视技术和被动红外夜视技术。主动红外夜视技术是通过主动照射并利用目标反射红外源的红外光来实施观察的夜视技术，对应装备为主动红外夜视仪。被动红外夜视技术是借助于目标自身发射的红外辐射来实现观察的红外技术，它根据目标与背景或目标各部分之间的温差或热辐射差来发现目标。其装备为热像仪。热成像仪具有不同于其他夜视仪的独特优点，如可在雾、雨、雪的天气下工作，作用距离远，能识别伪装和抗干扰等，已成国外夜视装备的发展重点，并将在一定成度上取代微光夜视仪。
夜视镜有两种，一种是微光夜视镜，一种是红外夜视镜。
微光夜视镜是把微弱的光放大了，而红外夜视镜是把红外线转为可见光。
红外夜视镜又分两种，一种是主动式的，一种是被动式的，主动式的就是夜视镜发出一束红外线，照到物体上再反射回来，相当于手电筒；被动式的则是把物体自身发出的红外线放大转化为可见光。
所以，在完全没有光的情况下，微光夜视镜是看不到东西的。如果没有红外源的话（大多数能产生热量的东西都能成为红外源，如生物、车辆、火焰等），被动红外夜视镜也是看不到东西的。
而主动红外夜视镜在任何情况下都能看到东西。不同的夜视镜有不同的适用场合，微光夜视镜适合野外有星光或月光的时候使用。
因为夜视镜只显示单色，而它的显示屏是绿色的（你可以注意到很多仪表的显示屏都是绿色的），所以你看到的是绿色的。
Night-vision technology is achieved by means of optical imaging device is a night-time observation of photovoltaic technology. Night-vision technology, including night vision and infra-red night vision in two ways. Night Vision technology, also known as the image intensifier technology, through the image intensifier tube with a night-vision goggles, to illuminate the night sky as to strengthen the weak targets for observation of electro-optical imaging technology. Night vision, which is the amount of foreign production and equipment, the largest and most versatile night vision equipment, can be divided into direct observation (such as night-vision observation devices, weapon sights, night driving instrument, night vision glasses) and indirect observation (such as low-light television) two kinds. Infrared night-vision technology is divided into active and passive infrared night vision technology, infrared night-vision technology. Active infrared night vision technology is the goal through active exposure to and use of infrared reflectance infrared light source to implement the observed night-vision technology, which corresponds to active-infrared night vision equipment. Passive infrared night vision technology is the goal of their own by means of infrared radiation emitted to achieve the observed infrared technology, which depending on the target or target and background temperature difference between the various parts or thermal radiation to find the goal difference. Their equipment for the thermal imager. Thermal imager with a different from the other night-vision of the unique advantages, such as in fog, rain, snow weather work, the role of distance, can identify the camouflage and anti-jamming and so on, has become the focus of development of foreign night-vision equipment, and a certain degree on the place into a night vision.
Night-vision goggles, there are two, one is low-light night-vision goggles, one is infrared night-vision goggles.
Low-light night-vision goggles is to weak optical amplification, while the infrared night-vision goggles is to infrared light into visible light.
Infrared night-vision goggles was divided into two kinds, one is active, and one is passive, and active is to send a bouquet of infrared night-vision goggles, shine on an object and then reflected back, which is equivalent flashlight; passive while is to issued its own objects into visible light, infra-red amplification.
So, in the case of no light, low-light night-vision goggles can not see things. If there is no infrared source, then (most can produce things that can be an infrared heat source, such as biological, vehicles, fire, etc.), passive infrared night-vision goggles is unable to see things.
And active infrared night-vision goggles under any circumstances can see things. A different application of night-vision goggles have different occasions, low-light night-vision goggles are suitable for field use when the starlight or moonlight.
Because the display only monochrome night-vision goggles, and its screen is green (you can note that many instruments are all green screen), so you see is green.
The development of science and technology makes our life more comfortable and convenient.However,scientists have created many problems,which are not easy to be resolved,such as air pollution,the deterioration of environment and the scarcity of natural resources,to which we must some solutions.
Modern science and technology render people many advantages.Modern telecommunication shortens the distance between people and makes communication much easier.Internet is widely used now not only for collection of abundant information but also for correspondence.Email,the most effective communication device now,is becoming very popular.Besides,telephone and mobile phone make contact more convenient than before.
Modern transportation,such as airplanes and high-speed trains make our journey smooth and fast.With the help of modern transportation,people can go everywhere they prefer to.The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more.Rockets and space shuttles can help us realize the dream of space travel.
Modern medicine prolongs peoples life and relieves patients of sufferings from many diseases.Cancer and AIDS are fatal to peoples health.Thanks to the endeavors scientists have made,these diseases become treatable.
However,the process of scientific development also arouses many sever problems to our human beings.Internet,though widely used in modern communication,is easy to be destroyed by computer virus.Outer space exploration has produced much waste in the space.A tiny metal,a screw,for example can destroy a flying man-made satellite.Industrialization is making natural resources become scarce.
Confronted with these problems,scientists are seeking prompt and feasible solutions.The development of science and technology bring about both positive and negative effects to us.We must eliminate the positive effects to the least extent.
可以自己删减
在提供一篇翻译的：
现代科技使生活更加便捷(Modern Technology Makes Life More Convenient)
Modern technology makes life more convenient; tools are the milestores of the technology as well as human being’ s progress.
Men used to cut trees with hand saw.But now,by using electronic saw they can cut down a tree in only a few minutes.Another example is more vivid:You have something urgent which has to be informed to your friend whose house is two hour’s ride away.You probably want to make a phone call.But no telephone is installed in your friend’ s home.What could you do?Nowadays,with modern technology advanting,using internet is popular with us.Some years ago,people had to get what they wanted through looking into a lot of information; at last people could become tired and spent too much time.Now,if you use Internet,all becomes a piece of cake.Only by clucking,you will gain what you expect.
We all hope that modern technology will reach a higher level,because modern technology makes life more convenient indeed.
[参考译文]
现代科技使生活更加便捷
现代科技使生活更加便捷；工具是科技进步和人类进步的里程碑.人类过去用手锯锯树,但是现在,用电锯可在几分钟内锯倒一棵树.另外一个例子更加生动形象：如果你有急事通知你的朋友,而他家距你家有2小时的路程,你可能想打个电话.但是你的朋友家又没安电话,你该怎么办?如今,随着现代科技的进步,使用网络已很流行.若干年前,人们不得不查找大量资料来搜集需要的信息,最后人累得疲惫不堪,还浪费了大量时间.现在,如果使用网络,一切就都是小菜一碟了.只要轻敲键盘,就会有求必应.
我们都期待着现代科技能达到一个更高的水平,因为现代科技确实使生活变得更便捷.